![]() ![]() They found that the dimensions of records can influence the perception of smile aesthetics. Several studies have compared the perceptual differences in smile evaluation between 2 and 3D simulations. As a result, the 3-dimensional shape of the smile can be simulated vividly with more details for smile evaluation. A preliminary study showed that the 3D dentofacial image is accurate in simulation of the 3D lip-tooth relationship. ![]() 3D dentofacial image, integrated with 3D facial image and digital waxing, is an effective diagnostic record of patient. The integration of digital technologies of intraoral scanners and computer aided design software programs produce virtual diagnostic waxing for restorative treatment planning. However, the 3D lip-tooth relationships have rarely been studied due to the imaging natures of 3D facial scans that the shape of teeth cannot be well restored for the reflective surfaces. Therefore, 3-dimensional digital technology has been widely used in the evaluation of facial aesthetics. In addition, the different viewing angles affect the aesthetic perception and the measurements of smiles. Three-quarter view of face and smiles are of great concern in the evaluation of facial aesthetics. suggested that the records of smiles should include frontal, lateral and oblique views. Previous studies have shown that the perception of smile aesthetics is affected by many factors such as gender, age, occupation and education level. The perception of smile is a complex phenomenon that affected by biologic, psychologic and social factors. Smile is the most influential part of facial aesthetics compared to the eyes, chin and nose. Therefore, it is essential to understand the rules of smile perception between and among disciplines and patients to reduce cognitive deviation of the aesthetic treatment goals. Patients can benefit from the expertise of different disciplines for the interdisciplinary collaboration of compiling a complete problem list and developing a treatment plan agreed upon. ![]() Orthodontic treatment is required prior to certain restorative treatment to optimize the aesthetic and functional goals. The perceptual difference of commissure and facial profile contributed to the lower ratings in 3D dentofacial images.Įnhancement of facial and dental beauty is an elemental goal of prosthodontic and orthodontic treatment. 3D dentofacial images were rated lower than 2D photographs and most of the smile features affect the aesthetic perception of smile. Senior orthodontists tend to perceived 3D images more conservatively in smile evaluation. In addition, a significant negative main effect of commissure and facial profile was found on the rating discrepancy between 2D and 3D images. The 3D dentofacial images were rated significantly lower than 2D photographs and the voting of most of the smile features showed significant negative main effect on VAS scores, while the effect of demographic characteristics of raters, voting on visible width of upper dentition and buccal corridor was not significant. Orthodontists and postgraduate students rated smile consistently with 2D photographs, while orthodontists tended to give a higher rate for unattractive smiles and a lower rate for attractive smiles with 3D dentofacial images. Wilcoxon signed-rank, Bland–Altman analysis, and multiple linear regression were used to compare the ratings and votes of smile perception between raters and between records. At the end, they completed a questionnaire about their views on different smile simulations. Twelve senior orthodontists and 13 postgraduate students were asked to rate the 2D and 3D smile simulations based on visual analog scale (VAS) and to vote for smile features that affect the attractiveness of smile. ![]() The aim of this study was to compare the perceptual difference of smile aesthetics between 2D photographs and 3D dentofacial images as perceived by orthodontists and graduate students.įorty-eight subjects finished orthodontic treatment were recruited with 2D photographs of frontal, oblique and lateral views as well as 3D dentofacial images. ![]()
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